These are known to act directly or indirectly through several molecular and cellular targets [11]. The preparation forms were classified as decoction, infusion, syrup, maceration, oil, hydration water, latex, tincture, and poultice (Table 1). A. Leão, M. R. Coelho-ferreira, M. A. G. Jardim, and R. B. The oldest informants with ages ranging from 51 to 70 years were responsible for 51% of citations for use of the medicinal plants; informants ranging from 31 and 50 years old for 38.7% of citations; and informants ranging from 18 to 30 years for 10.3%. In the riverside communities of Mazagão Velho, Maracá, and Ajurixi Nascimento [21] it has been reported 73 different plant species distributed over 37 families and their medicinal uses. Sign up here as a reviewer to help fast-track new submissions. It is a quantitative index that expresses the therapeutic importance of each species. A. Fabossi, “, R. Pilarski, B. Filip, J. Wietrzyk, M. Kuraś, and K. Gulewicz, “Anticancer activity of the, R. Rojas-Duran, G. González-Aspajo, C. Ruiz-Martel et al., “Anti-inflammatory activity of mitraphylline isolated from, R. A. Ccahuana-Vasquez, S. S. Ferreira dos Santos, C. Y. Koga-Ito, and A. O. Cardoso Jorge, “Antimicrobial activity of Uncaria tomentosa against oral human pathogens,”, T. Caon, S. Kaiser, C. Feltrin et al., “Antimutagenic and antiherpetic activities of different preparations from Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw),”, A. Domingues, A. Sartori, M. A. Golim et al., “Prevention of experimental diabetes by Uncaria tomentosa extract: Th2 polarization, regulatory T cell preservation or both?”, S. Baydoun, L. Chalak, H. Dalleh, and N. Arnold, “Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by the communities of Mount Hermon, Lebanon,”, R. A. Lima, A. S. Magalhães, and M. R. A. Santos, “Levantamento etnobotânico de plantas medicinais utilizadas na cidade de Vilhena , Rondônia,”. Junk, “Phytogeography, species diversity, community structure and dynamics of Central Amazonian floodplain forests,”, IBGE, “Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística,” in, J. V. M. Carim, M. F. K. Wittmann, M. T. F. Piedade, J. R. S. Guimarães, and L. C. L. Tostes, “Composition, diversity, and structure of tidal "Várzea" and "Igapó" floodplain forests in eastern Amazonia, Brazil,”, U. P. Albuquerque and R. F. P. Lucena, “Methods and techniques in the etnobotany research,” in, Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG), “An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV,”, A. M. Carneiro and B. E. Irgang, “Origem e distribuição geográfica das espécies ruderais da Vila de Santo Amaro, General Câmara, Rio Grande do Sul,”, O. Phillips and A. H. Gentry, “The useful plants of Tambopata, Peru: I. Recommended Space Between Plantings (in.) [25], the predominant climate type Ami, based on the Köppen classification, with a minimum temperature of 23°C and a maximum temperature of 33°C (annual average of 27°C), with relative humidity above 80%, high rainfall from 2,000 mm/year to 2,500 mm/year, and the Haplic Gleisol soil with a very clayey texture. Subsequently, according to the Resolutions of the National Commission for Research Ethics involving Humans and the National Health Council/Ministry of Health, the project was submitted to the Ethics Research Committee of the Faculdade Estácio de Macapá. Readers should always consult his/her physician before using or consuming a plant for medicinal purposes. This is a pioneer study of the riparian community in flooded areas of Mazagão, and it shows that knowledge about plants and their medicinal uses is diverse and widespread in the community, likely because of the high incidence of tropical diseases such as malaria and leishmaniasis as well as the difficulty in accessing medicines distributed by the government and easy access to local plants. Alternanthera ficoidea Green. – sanguinaria Subordinate Taxa. The riverside communities of the tropical floodplains coexist with a great diversity of natural resources, and they develop some exploration techniques for their own survival, aiming for the establishment of their own management systems that allows them to achieve their needs with low environmental damage, all of this based on their experiences [6–8]. Alternanthera ficoidea is an heirloom plant that was popular during the Victorian era in formal gardens, and has made its way into our annual gardens with several new cultivars from Mexico and South America.Joseph’s coat is the common name for this plant, but it is sometimes confused with a yellow green form of summer poinsettia that is also called Joseph’s coat. High ICF values ​​clearly showed that the community uses medicinal plants for their health problems and that there are well-defined choice criteria, which are shared orally [48, 105]. In this study, it is possible to verify that the older interviewees and those with less education in general are able to recognize a greater number of medicinal plants than are the younger interviewees. Flu, pain in the stomach and antihemintics. Rheumatism and inflammation of the kidneys. Like others of this genus, it makes a great edging, bedding, or container plant. Decoction and infusion; 1 cup 3 x daily for 7 days. In the floodplain forest regions of the Eastern Amazon, medicinal plants represent the main form of disease treatment for most of the riparian populations living in this ecosystem, as they live geographically isolated from the urban centers, which causes barriers between them and the public services, especially health service and basic sanitation [18, 19]. At that time, the African Mazagans had to live with the outbreak of malaria, a tropical disease endemic to the region; and in order to survive they used traditional knowledge of the use of medicinal plants of the riverside and indigenous communities [15]. Sign up for a free trial and get access to ALL our regional content, plus the rest This won't delete the recipes and articles you've saved, just the list. A total of 93 forms were applied, representing 72.65% of the total families living in the community. Bright golden, pointed leaves. Inflammation of the uterus and ovary, and diseases of the stomach. All 95 native species of floodplain forests were previously described, and 35 are exotic species. The FL measures the species most frequently used by informants in the study area for a specific therapeutic treatment [42]. Rheumatism and inflammation in the stomach. Poultry, decoction and maceration, ingest 1 x 2 x daily for 10 days. In the selected family, the person who everyone agreed was knowledgeable about home remedies (healer) was the one who was always approached because he/she cultivates and holds knowledge about local plants that are medicinal. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Alternanthera Bettzickian Bunch Red Ficoidea Live Aquarium Plants BUY2GET1FREE* at the … The CF is calculated by the following formula: CF = N/ICEMC [43], where N is the total number of informants who cited uses for the species and ICEMC is the number of citations of the most frequent species. Data were analyzed statistically and described in percentages using Graphpad Prism software (version 6.0). This study aimed to perform an ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used by the riparian community of the floodplains of the Mazagão River, in the State of Amapá. Decoction; 1 scoop 2 x daily and inhale 2x steam for 7 days. The floodplain forest is characterized by flood-prone areas influenced by white water rivers with high nutrient-rich sediment loads of Andean or pre-Andean origin, which occupy approximately 2/3 of the flood-prone areas in the Amazon [1]. The study is comprised of 16 categories of therapeutic use, of which the majority of the plants used are related to diseases such as microbial infections (20.67%, 73 species), gastrointestinal disorders (13.31%), and inflammation (11.61%). Noxious Weed Information; This plant is listed by the U.S. federal government or a state. Cultivated as an ornamental. Noteworthy CharacteristicsLikes heat. Although many species are reported for the treatment of the diseases mentioned, these species deserve attention because the region is going through a rural exodus, and people with this knowledge are decreasing in number and have no successors of that knowledge, which is traditionally passed by word of mouth. Growth Habit. [106], the rich traditional knowledge of communities living in isolation in the Amazon arises from the need to have an alternative therapeutic treatment, caused by the limited access to the public health network and the great cultural influence of these peoples. Diarrhea, diabetes, inflammation of the liver, kidneys and bladder. In other studies, carried out in the Brazilian Amazon, the species Carapa guianensis, Pentaclethra macroloba, Uncaria tomentosa, and Virola surinamensis were also the most cited in terms of therapeutic use, demonstrating their regional value and the certainty that these plants may become targets in pharmacological research in the region [56, 57]. In formal landscapes, it can be used in a knot garden. Eight floodland forest native species are mentioned for the first time in an ethnobotanical study in the region, and no pharmacological studies have been found for Allamanda cathartica (0.01), which is used for the treatment of intestinal parasites; Astrocaryum murumuru (0.01), used for the treatment of eye infections of dogs and skin irritations of other animals; Calophyllum brasiliense (0.01), used for joint inflammations and skin ulcers; Passiflora tholozanii (0.02), used for leishmaniasis ulcers, cancer, depression and soothing; Manicaria saccifera (0.04), used for gastritis; Pourouma guianensis (0.04), used for leishmaniasis joint inflammation and ulcers; Triplaris surinamensis (0.04), used for the treatment of joint inflammation; and Unonopsis floribunda (0.04), used for joint and stomach inflammation. Of the informants, 100% believe in the efficacy of medicinal plants in common diseases such as fever, diarrhea, and infections and prefer to use them because they understand that there are no side effects and because it is a therapeutic resource free of cost and easily obtainable in the community; however, when serious complications result from malaria and heart disease, they prefer drugs from the pharmacy because they works faster. A. Dreifuss, A. L. Bastos-Pereira, and I. Native species of this forest predominate among the most commonly used medicinal plants as subsidies for future pharmacological studies. The memory of the city of the Moroccan coast was diluted and adapted to the new conditions of Portuguese America, building a new urbanity [14]. Elimination of kidney stones, cough, sore throats and itchy skin. Elimination of kidney stones, headache and muscle aches. Alternanthera ficoidea Griseb. Diarrhea, sores on the skin, pains and phlegm in the lung. Brave wound (leishmaniasis) and inflammation. It forms a mat of color from spring’s frost-free date to fall’s first frost. In this area, the soil is cataloged as typical Eutrophic Ta Melanic Gleysol [32]. In the community, women collect the fruits of Carapa guianensis (andiroba) and Pentaclethra macroloba (pracaxi), which are dispersed in the water, for the production of medicinal oil, a common management practice to commercialized them in the city of Macapá. Maceration is a preparation that uses barks, leaves, branches and roots that are immersed in water and/or alcohol, are indicated for inflammation, diarrhea and other intestinal disorders, and are consumed by mouth. The same occurs with U. tomentosa, whose extract is reported to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo [87]; this is due to the presence of alkaloids, triterpenic heterosides, and polyphenols, mainly tannins [88–90]. UV is high when the plant is mentioned by a large number of informants and low when there are few cited uses [40]. Leishmaniasis is endemic in the riverside area and recorded an ICF value of 0.9, followed by cancer (0.93), gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea, vomiting, and gastritis (0.89), inflammation in the uterus and burns (0.88), diabetes and albumin (0.87), and microbial, respiratory infections and pain, fever and cold symptoms (0.86); these include diseases such as itching, uterine infections, body aches, insect bites, flu, catarrh in the chest and cough. The reported diseases and symptoms were grouped into 16 categories of therapeutic use according to the indicated body systems. alligator weed. Other conditions included “ferida brava” (Leishmaniosis ulcer), ringworm (individual with itching in the body), bubo (inflammation in the lymph nodes), “úra” or “fly eye” (fly larvae that lodges in the dermis and causes inflammation in the skin), catarrh in the chest (secretion in the lungs), and “nascida” (a tumor that swells in the skin of any part of the body). This study was approved on 04/13/2016 under opinion number 14.94.994. Topical use 2 x a day for 7 days. Elimination of kidney stones, cough and urinary inflammation. Catarrh in the chest (secretion in the lung) and cough. tip of the day. Most of the interviewees present diversified knowledge about the medicinal resources because they have a close relationship with the floodplain forest. Teas obtained by decoction or infusion are consumed orally and can be used in baths for various types of diseases, including the cultural diseases reported in this work such as “nascida”, “panemeira”, bewitching, evil eye, “úra”, and bubo. The ICF is calculated by obtaining the number of citations of uses in each category () minus the number of species used (), divided by the number of use citations in each category minus 1. The use of medicinal plant-based medicines and the popular knowledge itself implies the need to implement basic research to clarify and confirm information about the actions of the plants, minimizing side, and toxicological effects so that their use is reliable and safe [12]. Elimination of kidney stone, infections of the liver, stomach pains. Verminose, skin irritation, intestinal infections. 407768/2013-0 (RAPBioFar) for the financial support. Therefore, native medicinal species should be prioritized for conservation, as riparians depend on the collection of these plants as the main drugs for the region's endemic and cultural diseases; furthermore, these plants may be used for future pharmacological studies. Inflammation of the uterus and ovary, vaginal discharge and syphilis. Can take partial shade. The Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) was calculated for 16 categories of therapeutic uses (Table 2). According to Robbers et al. Kuntze [30, 31]. The human populations that settled in floodplain regions started to have a very strong connection with the forest, knowing and exploring it, which allowed a greater contact with the vectors of tropical diseases such as malaria, Chagas disease, and tegumentary leishmaniasis, which are endemic diseases of these regions. Alternantheras, of which there are possibly 200 species, are brilliantly colored foliage plants used for their leaves. A study performed by Vásquez et al. Pulmonary problems, skin infections, sores and kidney stones. Chartreuse Alternanthera foliage varies with the species and cultivar. The riverside community at the mouth of the Mazagão River lives on the banks of a floodplain forest; the family income is based on the extractive management of the açaí fruit (Euterpe oleracea) and regional shrimp (Macrobrachium amazonicum) fishery. The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. In this study, UVs between 0.91 and 0.56 were from native medicinal plants that are frequently used as an ethnomedicinal resource by the riparians: Carapa guianensis (0.91), Pentachletra macroloba (0.83), Dalbergia monetaria (0.77), Uncaria tomentosa (0.75), Otacanthus azureus (0.62), Virola surinamensis (0.62), Hura crepitans (0.58), and Euterpe oleracea (0.56). Brave wound (leishmaniasis) and skin irritation. The referenced species were collected and herborized according to the usual methodology of Fidalgo and Bononi [34]. The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases is related to human evolution itself; its use has been reported in all time periods, in all social strata, and for almost all of humanity. Fabaceae (16 species), Lamiaceae (14), Euphorbiaceae (7), Arecaceae (6), Asteraceae (4), Rubiaceae (4), Rutaceae (4), Amaranthaceae (4), and Anacardiaceae (4) accounted for the greatest number of species, totaling 48.83% of the sampled species, and 22.5% of the families were represented by only one species. The inhabitants of the floodplain of the Mazagão River in the State of Amapá in the Brazilian Amazon have inherited from indigenous African and Cabocla cultures indications for the use and forms of preparation of medicinal plants to cure diseases of the body and spirit. The municipality of Mazagão occupies an area of ​​13,131 km2, it has a population of 17,032 inhabitants and a population density of 1.30 hab/km2 [24], it is 36 km long from the capital Macapá, and it is located at the right margin of the Vila Nova River, south of the State of Amapá under the geographic coordinates 00° 06′ 54′′ S and -51° 17′ 20′′ W (Figure 1). A. Leão, “Levantamento de plantas de uso terapêutico no município de Santa Bárbara do Pará, Estado do Pará, Brasil,”, C. Penido, F. P. Conte, M. S. S. Chagas, C. A. Inflammation of the uterus and ovary and abdominal pain. Exotic Angel® Plants. Don't overwater your houseplants! The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. There were 130 species of medicinal plants, distributed in 116 genera and 57 families; Fabaceae (16), Lamiaceae (14), Euphorbiaceae (7), and Arecaceae (6) include 33.33% of the total species sampled. Svenska kärlväxtnamn (2011) Databas levererad av Thomas Karlsson 2011-06 … They also collect Carapa guianensis (andiroba) and Pentachletra macroloba (pracaxi) fruits, which are dispersed in the water, for extraction of the medicinal oil, which is marketed in urban areas.

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